Iinjineli ze-MIT ziyile iglu enamandla, ehambelana ne-biocompatible enokuthi itywine izicubu ezonzakeleyo kwaye inqande ukopha, iphefumlelwe yinto encangathi esetyenziswa zii-barnacles ukunamathela ematyeni. Ikhredithi: iifoto zesitokhwe
Into entsha yokuncamathelisa efana nencangathi esetyenziswa ziibarnacles ukuncamathela ematyeni isenokunika indlela ebhetele yokunyanga umothuko.
Ikhuthazwe yinto encangathi esetyenziswa ziibarnacles ukuncamathela ematyeni, iinjineli zeMIT ziyila iglu enamandla ehambelana nebhayoloji enokuthi itywine izicubu ezonzakeleyo kwaye inqande ukopha.
Nokuba umphezulu ugqunywe ligazi, le ntlama intsha inokubambelela kumphezulu kwaye inokwenza itywina eliqinileyo kwimizuzwana eyi-15 emva kokufakwa. Abaphandi bathi le glu inokuba luncedo ngakumbi ekunyangeni ukwenzakala ize incede ekulawuleni ukopha ebudeni botyando.
“Sisombulula ingxaki yokuncamathela kwindawo ecela umngeni, oko kukuthi, indawo efumileyo neguqukayo yezicubu zomntu. Kwangaxeshanye, sizama ukuguqula olu lwazi lusisiseko lube yimveliso yokwenyani enokusindisa ubomi, ”u-MIT Machinery uthe uZhao Xuanhe, unjingalwazi wezobunjineli kunye nobunjineli boluntu kunye nokusingqongileyo kunye nomnye wababhali abaphezulu besifundo.
UChristoph Nabzdyk yi-cardiac anesthesiologist kunye nogqirha wokhathalelo olunzulu kwiKliniki yaseMayo eRochester, eMinnesota, kunye nombhali ophezulu wephepha, elapapashwa kwiNature Biomedical Engineering ngo-Agasti 9, 2021. Isazinzulu sophando seMIT uHyunwoo Yuk kunye noJingjing Wu. ababhali abaphambili bophononongo.
Iqela lophando: Hyunwoo Yuk, Jingjing Wu, Xuanhe Zhao (ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene), bephethe iqokobhe lebarnacle kunye ne-barnacle gum hemostatic ointment ezandleni zabo. Ityala: Inikwe ngumphandi
Ukufumana indlela yokuyeka ukopha yingxaki ekudala ikhona, kodwa ayikasombululwa ngokupheleleyo, utshilo uZhao. I-Sutures idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuvala amanxeba, kodwa i-sutures yinkqubo echitha ixesha apho abaphenduli bokuqala abaqhelekanga ukuyenza kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo. Phakathi kwamajoni, ukulahleka kwegazi ngoyena nobangela wokufa emva kokwenzakala, ngelixa kuluntu ngokubanzi, ukulahleka kwegazi kungoyena nobangela wesibini wokufa emva kokwenzakala.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ezinye izinto ezinokuyeka ukopha, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-hemostatic agents, bezikwimarike. Uninzi lwezi luqulathe amahlwili aqulethe izinto zokujiyisa ezinceda igazi ukuba lijike ngokwalo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zithatha imizuzu emininzi ukwenza itywina kwaye azisoloko zisebenza kumanxeba opha kakhulu.
Ilabhoratri yeZhao izinikele ekusombululeni le ngxaki iminyaka emininzi. Ngo-2019, iqela lakhe laphuhlisa itheyiphu enamacala amabini kwaye yabonisa ukuba ingasetyenziselwa ukuvala uqhaqho. Le tape iphefumlelwe zizinto ezincangathi ezisetyenziswa zizigcawu ukubamba amaxhoba kwiimeko zokufuma. Iqulethe i-polysaccharides ehlawulisiweyo ekwazi ukufunxa amanzi ukusuka phezulu ngokukhawuleza, isuse amabala amancinci omileyo anokuthi iglue ibambelele kuwo.
Kwiglu yabo entsha, abaphandi baphinda baphefumlela indalo. Ngeli xesha, bajolisa ingqalelo yabo kwii-barnacles, ii-crustaceans ezincinci ezincanyathiselwe kwezinye izilwanyana ezinje ngamatye, iinqanawa zamaphenyane kunye neminenga. Le miphezulu ifumile kwaye ihlala imdaka kakhulu-ezi meko zenza kubenzima ukuncamathela.
“Oku kwatsala ingqalelo yethu,” watsho uYuk. "Oku kunomdla kakhulu, kuba ukutywina izicubu ezophayo, kufuneka ujongane nomswakama kuphela, kodwa kunye nongcoliseko lwegazi eliphumayo. Siye safumanisa ukuba esi sidalwa sihlala kummandla wolwandle senza kanye loo nto simele siyenze ukuze sihlangabezane nayo. Iingxaki zokopha ezintsonkothileyo.”
Uhlalutyo lwabaphandi lwe-barnacle gum lubonisa ukuba inokwakheka okukhethekileyo. Iimolekyuli zeprotheyini ezincangathi ezinceda i-barnacle incamathele kumphezulu zixhonywe kuhlobo lweoyile, enokuthi igxothe amanzi kunye naziphi na izinto ezingcolisayo ezifumaneka kumphezulu, ukuze iprotein encangathi incamathele ngokuqinileyo kumphezulu.
Iqela le-MIT lagqiba ekubeni lizame ukuxelisa le glu ngokulungisa i-adhesive ababeyiphuhlise ngaphambili. Esi sixhobo se-viscous siqukethe i-polymer ebizwa ngokuba yi-poly (i-acrylic acid) apho i-organic compound ebizwa ngokuba yi-NHS ester ifakwe ukubonelela ukunamathela, ngelixa i-chitosan iyiswekile eqinisa izinto. Abaphandi bakhenkceza iiflakes zesi sixhobo, bazigaye zibe ngamasuntswana, baze bawamise la masuntswana kwioyile ye-silicone yonyango.
Xa isiphumo sokuncamatheliswa sisetyenziswa kwindawo emanzi (njengethishu egqunywe ligazi), ioli iya kuligxotha igazi kunye nezinye izinto ezinokuthi zibekhona, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amasuntswana e-viscous anqumle kwaye enze itywina eliqinileyo enxebeni. Uvavanyo lwabaphandi kwiimpuku lubonise ukuba kwimizuzwana eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-30 emva kokugalela iglu, ngokucotha ucinezelo, iglu yomelela kwaye yayeka ukopha.
Abaphandi bathi xa kuthelekiswa ne-tape enamacala amabini eyenzelwe ngabaphandi ngo-2019, enye inzuzo yale nto intsha kukuba i-paste inokubunjwa ukuze ivumelane namanxeba angaqhelekanga, kwaye i-tape inokufaneleka ngakumbi ukutywinwa kotyando Yenza i-incision okanye fakela isixhobo sonyango kwithishu. "Intlama ebumbayo inokugeleza kwaye ilingane nayiphi na imilo engaqhelekanga kunye netywina," utshilo uWu. "Oku kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba baziqhelanise ngokukhululekileyo namanxeba awophayo amile ngendlela engaqhelekanga."
Kwiimvavanyo ezenziwe kwiihagu, uNabzdyk kunye noogxa bakhe kwiKliniki yaseMayo bafumanisa ukuba le glu inokumisa ukopha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye isebenza ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo kune-agent ye-hemostatic ekhoyo yorhwebo abayithelekisayo. Isenokusebenza naxa unika iihagu i-blood thinner enamandla (heparin) ukuze igazi lingenzi amahlwili ngokuzenzekelayo.
Uphando lwabo lubonisa ukuba itywina lihlala lilungile iiveki ezininzi, livumela ixesha lokuba izicubu ziziphilise ngokwazo, kwaye iglu ibangela ukudumba okuncinci, okufana nokudumba okubangelwa zii-hemostatic agents ezisetyenziswayo ngoku. Iglu iya kutsalwa kancinci emzimbeni kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Ukuba ugqirha udinga ukulungisa isilonda emva kwesicelo sokuqala, sinokususwa kwangaphambili ngokusebenzisa isisombululo esichithayo.
Abaphandi ngoku baceba ukuvavanya iglu kumanxeba amakhulu, kwaye banethemba lokuba oku kuya kubonisa ukuba iglue ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukwenzakala. Kwakhona babenombono wokuba kunokuba luncedo ebudeni botyando, nto leyo edla ngokufuna ukuba ugqirha wotyando achithe ixesha elininzi elawula ukopha.
“Siyakwazi ukwenza utyando oluninzi oluntsonkothileyo, kodwa amandla ethu okulawula ukopha kakhulu akhange aphucuke ngokwenene,” utshilo uNabzdyk.
Esinye isicelo esinokwenzeka kukunceda ukuyeka ukopha. Ezi zigulana zineetyhubhu zeplastiki ezifakwe kwimithambo yegazi yazo, ezifana nezo zisetyenziselwa i-arterial or central venous catheters okanye i-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Ngexesha le-ECMO, umatshini usetyenziselwa ukumpompa igazi lesigulana ngaphandle komzimba ukuze lifakwe i-oxygen. Isetyenziselwa ukuphatha abantu abanentliziyo enzima okanye ukusilela kwemiphunga. Ityhubhu idla ngokufakwa iiveki okanye iinyanga ezininzi, kwaye ukopha kwindawo yokufakela kunokubangela usulelo.
Isalathiso: "Ncamathelisa iphefumlelwe yi-barnacle gum yokutywinwa kwe-hemostatic ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo" Ababhali: Hyunwoo Yuk, Jingjing Wu, Tiffany L. Sarrafian, Xinyu Mao, Claudia E. Varela, Ellen T. Roche, Leigh G. Griffiths, Christoph S. Nabzdyk kunye noXuanhe Zhao, 9 Agasti 2021, Ubunjineli beNdalo yeBiomedical.DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00769-y
Abaphandi baye bafumana inkxaso-mali evela kwi-MIT Deshpande Centre ukubanceda ukuba bathengise iglue, abanethemba lokuphumelela emva kwezifundo ezongezelelweyo zangaphambili kwiimodeli zezilwanyana. Uphando luye lwafumana inkxaso-mali evela kumaZiko ezeMpilo eSizwe, iSiseko seSayensi seSizwe, kunye ne-Ofisi yoPhando loMkhosi ngokusebenzisa i-Soldier Nanotechnology Institute kwi-Massachusetts Institute of Technology kunye neZoll Foundation.
Nceda, nceda uyithengise ngokukhawuleza. Umfazi wam walitywina inxeba lam ngeglu. Ihlaba njengesihogo. Ewe, mhlawumbi ndilusana, njengoko wayesitsho qho xa efaka isicelo.
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